The Boston Celtics
() are a professional basketball club based in Boston, Massachusetts, playing in the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The team is owned by Wycliffe Grousbeck and coached by Doc Rivers, with Danny Ainge as the President of Basketball Operations. Founded in 1946, their 17 NBA Championships are the most for any NBA franchise. The Celtics' greatest domination came from 1957 to 1969, with 11 championships in 13 years, and eight in a row, the longest consecutive championship winning streak of any North American professional sports team. They currently play their home games at TD Garden.
The Celtics either dominated the league or played a large part in the playoffs in the late 1950s through the mid 1980s. After the deaths of top draft pick Len Bias in 1986 and Reggie Lewis in 1993, the team fell into a steady decline, only making the playoffs four times from 1996 to 2007. The franchise has recently returned to prominence with the acquisition of Kevin Garnett and Ray Allen during the 2007 off-season. On June 17, 2008, the Boston Celtics won their 17th championship by defeating the Los Angeles Lakers 4–2 in the 2008 NBA Finals.
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Franchise history
1946–1956: The building of a dynasty
The Celtics were formed in 1946 as a team in the
Basketball Association of America, and became part of the
National Basketball Association (NBA) after the merger of the BAA and the National Basketball League to form the NBA in the fall of 1949.
[1] In 1950, the Celtics became the first franchise to
draft an
African American player, signing
Chuck Cooper.
[2]
The Celtics had struggled during their early years, until the hiring of coach
Red Auerbach. One of the first major players to join the Celtics was
Bob Cousy, whom Auerbach initially refused to draft.
[3] Cousy eventually became the property of the
Chicago Stags.
[4] When that franchise went
bankrupt, Cousy was acquired by the Celtics in a dispersal draft.
After the
1955–56 season, Auerbach made a stunning trade. He sent perennial All-Star
Ed Macauley to the
St. Louis Hawks along with the draft rights to
Cliff Hagan in exchange for the Hawks' first round draft pick, the second overall.
[5] After negotiating with the
Rochester Royals, Auerbach used the pick to select
University of San Francisco center Bill Russell.
[6] Auerbach also acquired Holy Cross standout, and 1957 NBA Rookie of the Year,
Tommy Heinsohn.
[7] Russell and Heinsohn worked extraordinarily well with Cousy, and they were the players around whom Auerbach would build the Celtics for more than a decade. Russell, who delayed joining until the middle of the 1957 season in order to play for the
U.S. Olympic Team,
had an immediate impact.
1957–1969: The dynasty
Russell went on to play almost every game of the season, and the Celtics advanced to the
NBA Finals and defeated the
St. Louis Hawks in seven games, giving the Celtics the first of their record 17 NBA Championships.
[8] In 1958, the Celtics again advanced to the
NBA Finals, this time losing to the Hawks in 6 games.
[9] However, with the acquisition of
K.C. Jones that year, the Celtics began a dynasty that would last for more than a decade.
[10] In 1959, with Cousy at
point guard, Russell at
center and Heinsohn at
forward, the Celtics won the NBA Championship after sweeping the
Minneapolis Lakers.
[11] Still coached by Auerbach, the Celtics won seven more consecutive championships, extending their streak to eight in a row. During that time, the Celtics met the Lakers in the Finals six times, starting an intense and often bitter rivalry. The Celtics would eventually meet the Lakers a total of 11 times in the NBA Finals. In 1964, Auerbach made the Celtics the first team to have an all
African American starting lineup.
[12]
After the 1966 championship, Auerbach retired as coach and Russell took over as player-coach.
[13] With his appointment, Russell also became the first African American coach in the NBA.
[14] Auerbach would remain the General Manager, a position he would hold well into the 1980s. However, that year the Celtics' string of NBA titles was broken as they lost to the
Philadelphia 76ers in the Eastern Conference Finals. The aging team managed two more championships in 1968 and 1969, defeating the
Lakers each time in the NBA Finals.
[15] Russell retired after the 1969 season, effectively ending a dominant Celtics dynasty that had garnered 11 NBA titles in 13 seasons.
[16] The streak of 8 consecutive NBA championships is the longest streak of consecutive championships in U.S. professional sports history.
[17]
1970–1978: Rebuilding the dynasty
The 1970 season was a rebuilding year, as the Celtics had their first losing record since the
1949–50 season, the year prior to Auerbach's arrival.
[18] However, with the acquisition of
Dave Cowens,
Paul Silas, and
Jo Jo White, the Celtics soon became dominant again.
[19] After losing in the Eastern Conference Finals in 1972, the Celtics regrouped and came out determined in 1973 and posted an excellent 68–14 regular season record. But the season ended in disappointment, as they were upset in 7 games by the
New York Knicks in the Conference Finals.
[20] The Celtics returned to the playoffs the next year, defeating the
Milwaukee Bucks in the
NBA Finals in 1974 for their 12th
NBA Championship.
[21] The teams split the first four games, and after the Celtics won Game 5 in Milwaukee they headed back to Boston leading three games to two, with a chance to claim the title on their home court. However, the Bucks won Game 6 when
Kareem Abdul-Jabbar nestled in a hook shot with three seconds left in the game's second overtime, and the series returned to Milwaukee. But Cowens was the hero in Game 7, scoring 28 points, as the Celtics brought the title back to Boston for the first time in five years. In 1976, the team won yet another championship, defeating the
Phoenix Suns in 6 games. The Celtics advanced to the
1976 NBA Finals, which featured one of the greatest games in the history of the NBA. With the series tied at two games apiece, the Suns trailed early in the Boston Garden, but came back to force overtime. In double overtime, a
Gar Heard turn-around jumper at the top of the key sent the game to an unprecedented third overtime, at which point the Celtics prevailed.
[22] Tommy Heinsohn coached the team for those two championships. After the 1976 championship and a
playoff appearance in 1977, Boston went into another phase of rebuilding.
In the
1977 NBA Draft, the Celtics drafted a young forward from the
UNC Charlotte named
Cedric Maxwell.
[23] Maxwell did not contribute much in his rookie season, but he showed promise. Auerbach's job became even tougher following the
1977–78 in which they went 32–50 as
John Havlicek, the Celtics All-Time leading scorer, retired after 16 seasons.
[24]
1979–1992: The Bird years
In
1977–78, the Celtics owned two of the top eight picks in the
1978 NBA Draft.
[25] Since the Celtics had two draft choices, Auerbach took a risk and selected junior
Larry Bird of
Indiana State with the 6th pick, knowing that Bird would elect to remain in college for his senior year. The Celtics would retain his rights for one year, a rule that was later changed, and Auerbach believed that Bird's potential would make him worth the wait. Auerbach also felt that when the college season ended the Celtics would have a great chance to sign Bird. Auerbach was right and Bird signed soon after leading Indiana State to the NCAA Championship game, where they fell to a
Michigan State University team that was led by
Magic Johnson.
[26]
The other important story of the Celtics'
1978–79 season was the ongoing dispute between Auerbach and new owner
John Y. Brown.
[27] The dispute nearly led Auerbach to resign as General Manager for a position with the
New York Knicks. With public support strongly behind Auerbach, Brown elected to sell the team rather than face the wrath of the city for being the man who drove Red to a hated rival. During his short ownership, Brown orchestrated a trade for
Bob McAdoo that Auerbach despised, and the team unraveled.
[28] The Celtics would struggle through the season, going 29–53 without Bird.
[29] Newcomers
Chris Ford,
Rick Robey,
Cedric Maxwell and
Tiny Archibald failed to reverse the team's momentum.
[30]
Bird debuted for the Celtics during the
1979–80 season, a year after his selection.
[31] With a new owner in place, Auerbach made a number of moves that would bring the team back to prominence. Auerbach traded the unhappy McAdoo, a former NBA scoring champion, to the
Detroit Pistons in exchange for
guard M. L. Carr, a defensive specialist, and two first-round picks in the
1980 NBA Draft.
He also picked up
point guard Gerald Henderson from the
CBA. Carr, Archibald, Henderson and Ford formed a highly competent backcourt, with their unique skills blending in perfectly with the talented frontcourt of Cowens, Maxwell and Bird, who would go on to win
NBA Rookie of the Year honors. The Celtics improved by 32 games, which at the time was the best single-season turnaround in
NBA history, going 61–21 and losing to the
Philadelphia 76ers in the Eastern Conference Finals.
After the season, Auerbach completed what may be the most lopsided trade in NBA history. Auerbach had always been a fan of stockpiling draft picks, so even after the success of 1979–80 the Celtics had both the 1st and 13th picks in the
1980 NBA Draft left over from the
M. L. Carr trade. Auerbach saw an opportunity to improve the team immediately, sending the two picks to the
Golden State Warriors in exchange for
center Robert Parish and the Warriors first round pick, the 3rd overall. With the draft pick, Auerbach selected
University of Minnesota power forward Kevin McHale. With these three future Hall of Famers on the team the Celtics had a core in place to become a dominant team in the
NBA.
The Celtics went 62–20 under coach
Bill Fitch in
1980–81, despite losing
center Dave Cowens to retirement late in training camp. Once again the Celtics matched up with the 76ers in the Eastern Conference Finals. The Celtics fell behind 3 games to 1 before coming back to win a classic 7th game, 91–90. The Celtics went on to capture the 1981
NBA Championship over the
Houston Rockets, just two years after Bird had been drafted. Maxwell was named
NBA Finals MVP.
In
1983–84 the Celtics would go 62–20 and finally get back to the
NBA Finals after a three year hiatus. In the finals, the Celtics came back from a 2–1 deficit to defeat the
Los Angeles Lakers, winning their 15th championship. Bird renewed his college rivalry with Lakers star
Magic Johnson during this series. After the series Auerbach officially retired as General Manager but maintained the position of team President. Auerbach was succeeded by Jan Volk as General manager. Volk had been with the Celtics since graduating from Columbia Law School in 1971 and had been the team's General Counsel since 1976 and the team's Assistant General Manager since 1980. During the off-season, in Volk's first major transaction since assuming the GM role, the Celtics traded Henderson, whose dramatic steal in game 2 altered the course of the series and gave the Celtics a chance, to the
Seattle SuperSonics in exchange for their first round pick in the
1986 NBA Draft.
In 1985, the Lakers and Celtics met again, but this time the Lakers took the championship. During the following off-season the Celtics acquired
Bill Walton from the
Los Angeles Clippers in exchange for
Cedric Maxwell. Walton was a big star with the
Portland Trail Blazers, but injuries had kept him from living up to expectations. He was also a lifelong Celtics fan and willing to come off the bench, deferring to the three big men already with the team. Walton was a big part of the Celtics' success in 1986.
In
1985–86 the Celtics fielded one of the best teams in NBA history. The 1986 Celtics won 67 games, going 40–1 at their home, the
Boston Garden. Bird won his third consecutive MVP award after having arguably his finest season, and Walton won the
Sixth Man of the Year Award. They won their 16th championship and last of the 20th century, defeating the
Houston Rockets in the
NBA Finals 4 games to 2.
Thanks to the 1984 trade of
Gerald Henderson and the subsequent fall of the
Seattle SuperSonics, at the end of the
1985–86 the Celtics owned not only the best team in the NBA but also the second pick in the
1986 NBA Draft. The Celtics drafted
Len Bias with the pick and had high hopes for the young
University of Maryland star. Fans believed Bias had superstar potential, and that he would be the perfect complement to the aging, but still strong, Celtics. The hope was that his presence would ensure that the franchise would remain a powerhouse after Bird, McHale and Parish retired. Unfortunately, Bias died 48 hours after he was drafted, after using cocaine at a party and overdosing. It would be the first in a long string of bad luck for the Celtics, and many fans believe the Celtics have never recovered from the loss of Bias.
Despite the loss of Bias, the Celtics remained competitive in
1986–87, going 59–23 and again winning the Eastern Conference Championship.
After the 1987–88 season, head coach
K.C. Jones retired. Jones was replaced as head coach by assistant
Jimmy Rodgers. Rodgers faced immediate trouble in
1988–89 when, only 6 games into the season, Larry Bird decided to have surgery to remove bone spurs in both feet. The injury was to sideline Bird until well after the All-Star Break, although supposedly he would be able to return. However, despite his best attempts to return he was unable to make it back as the Celtics stumbled to a 42–40 record and a first round playoff defeat to the
Detroit Pistons.
Bird returned in
1989–90 to play in 75 games and lead the Celtics to a 52–30 record.
In the playoffs, after winning the first two games of a Best of 5 series against the
New York Knicks, the Celtics collapsed, losing 3 straight, including the decisive 5th game at the
Boston Garden. In the wake of the embarrassing defeat, Rodgers was fired and replaced by assistant coach (and former Celtic player)
Chris Ford.
Under Ford's leadership the Celtics improved to 56–26 in
1990–91, recapturing the Atlantic Division title even though Bird missed 22 games with a variety of injuries. In 1992, a late season rally allowed the Celtics to catch the New York Knicks and repeat as Atlantic Division champions. The team finished 51–31 and again matched up with the Indiana Pacers in the First Round, this time sweeping the series 3 games to 0. In the Eastern Conference Semifinals the Celtics lost a grueling 7 game series to the
Cleveland Cavaliers, 4 games to 3. Due to back problems, Larry Bird played in only 45 of the 82 regular season games, and only 4 of the 10 playoff games.
After thirteen seasons with the club and winning a gold medal in the
Barcelona Olympics with the
Dream Team, Bird retired in 1992 primarily due to his back injuries.
1993–1998: Tragedy and decline
At the time of Bird's retirement former Celtics
guard Chris Ford was the coach of the Celtics. 26-year old
Reggie Lewis (out of Boston's
Northeastern University) was seen as Bird's successor as the franchise player for the Celtics. Lewis, a
small forward, fainted during a
1993 first round playoff matchup with the
Charlotte Hornets. It was later revealed that Lewis had heart problems, yet he was able to get doctors to clear him for a comeback. He died of a
heart attack after participating in a pickup basketball game during the offseason. The Celtics honored his memory during the following season by retiring his number 35.
In 1994, the Celtics hired former player
M. L. Carr to be the team's new Vice-President of Basketball Operations, working alongside G.M. Jan Volk. In his first
draft in charge of the Celtics, he drafted
University of North Carolina star
Eric Montross with his first round draft pick. The
Acie Earl era was already nearing an end, as Montross became the new heir apparent in the paint.
1994–95 was the Celtics' final season in the
Boston Garden. The Celtics signed the aging
Dominique Wilkins as a free agent, and he led the team in scoring with 17.8 PPG. Second-year player
Dino Radja, a power forward from
Croatia, added an interior presence to the team that had been lacking in
1993–94. The Celtics made the playoffs, losing to the heavily favored
Orlando Magic in 4 games.
In 1995, the Celtics moved from the
Boston Garden into the Fleet Center (renamed the
TD Banknorth Garden in 2005). Carr fired
Chris Ford and took the coaching reins himself. After drafting
Providence College star
Eric Williams, the Celtics struggled to a 33–49 record. Things got worse in
1996–97 as the Celtics lost a franchise record 67 games, winning only 15 times despite the emergence of 1st-round draft pick
Antoine Walker.
Carr stepped aside to another job in the organization when Celtics principal owner Paul Gaston convinced
Rick Pitino to join the franchise as the team's president, director of basketball operations, and
head coach. Pitino's appointment as team president was controversial as Auerbach, who had filled that role for more than 25 years, first heard about this change from local media people. Unfortunately for the franchise, Pitino was not the savior everyone expected him to be, although he acquired several talented young players during his tenure.
The Celtics received the third and sixth draft picks in the
1997 NBA Draft, and used the picks to select a brand new backcourt. They drafted
Chauncey Billups and
Ron Mercer and dismantled much of the young team that lost 67 games the year before.
David Wesley,
Dino Radja, and
Rick Fox were let go, and Williams was traded to the
Denver Nuggets for a pair of second round draft picks.
1998–2007: Attempts to rebuild
The following year the Celtics drafted
Paul Pierce in the
1998 NBA Draft, a college star who had been expected to be drafted much higher than the Celtics' tenth overall pick. Other notable players Pitino acquired were
Walter McCarty and veteran
Kenny Anderson, both for future
Finals MVP Billups. Pitino failed to coach any successful teams and resigned in 2001.
Following the resignation of Rick Pitino, the Celtics improved greatly under coach
Jim O'Brien.
Paul Pierce matured into an NBA star and was ably complemented by
Antoine Walker, along with the other role players acquired over the years. The team finished the season going 24–24 under O'Brien (after going 12–22 before Pitino's resignation) and following the
2000–01 season O'Brien was given the job of head coach on a permanent basis. As a result of numerous trades, the Celtics had three picks in the
2001 NBA Draft, a luxury that seemed to set the franchise up well for the long term. General Manager
Chris Wallace used the picks on
Joe Johnson,
Joe Forte (a favorite of
Red Auerbach) and
Kedrick Brown.
The Celtics entered the
2001–02 season with low expectations. The team's success in the latter stages of 2000–01 was largely forgotten, and critics were surprised when the team, along with the
New Jersey Nets, surged to the top of the
Atlantic Division ahead of teams like the
Philadelphia 76ers, who were fresh off a trip to the
NBA Finals. The Celtics won a hard-fought five-game series with the 76ers in the first round, 3 games to 2. Pierce scored 46 points in the series-clinching blowout at the
Fleet Center. In the Conference Semifinals, the Celtics defeated the favored
Detroit Pistons 4 games to 1 in a series best remembered for the Celtics low-scoring Game 3 victory, which they won 66–64. In their first trip to the
Eastern Conference Finals since
1988, the Celtics would jump out to a 2–1 series lead over the New Jersey Nets, after rallying from 21 points down in the fourth quarter to win Game 3, but would lose the next three games to fall 4 games to 2.
In 2003, the Celtics were sold by owner Paul Gaston to Boston Basketball Partners LLC, led by
H. Irving Grousbeck,
Wycliffe Grousbeck,
Steve Pagliuca, Robert Epstein, David Epstein, and John Svenson. The team made it back to the
playoffs but were swept by the
Nets in the second round, despite bringing Game 4 to double overtime.
Before their elimination, the team hired
Danny Ainge to take over the front office, pushing Chris Wallace to another job in the organization. Ainge believed the team had reached its peak and promptly stunned the team by sending
Antoine Walker to the
Dallas Mavericks (along with
Tony Delk). In return, the Celtics received the oft-injured
Raef LaFrentz and a first-round draft pick in
2004.
The Celtics made the
playoffs, only to be badly swept in the first round by the
Indiana Pacers, losing all 4 games by blowout margins.
The Celtics were a young team under new coach
Doc Rivers during the 2004 season, yet they seemed to have a core of good young players, led by rookie
Al Jefferson, to go along with a selection of able veterans. The Celtics went 45–37 and won their first
Atlantic Division title since
1991–92. The Pacers defeated them in the first round yet again, with the series culminating in an embarrassing 27-point loss in Game 7 at the
Fleet Center.
The Boston Celtics continued to rebuild on the night of the
2006 NBA Draft. Danny Ainge traded the rights to seventh overall pick
Randy Foye,
Dan Dickau and
Raef LaFrentz to the
Portland Trail Blazers in exchange for
Sebastian Telfair,
Theo Ratliff, and a future second-round pick. A subsequent trade with the
Philadelphia 76ers for
Allen Iverson was reported as a potential move beneficial to each team, although such a trade never happened and Iverson was shipped to the
Denver Nuggets in December. Orien Greene was waived, and the Celtics replaced him by trading a first-round pick in the
2007 NBA Draft to the
Phoenix Suns for rookie
Rajon Rondo. In the second round the Celtics added
Leon Powe to the team, and later signed Villanova star
Allan Ray as an undrafted free agent.
The
2006–07 season was a gloomy one for the franchise. The season began with the death of
Red Auerbach at the age of 89. Auerbach was one of the few remaining people who had been a part of the NBA since its inception in 1946. The Celtics went 2–22 from late December 2006 through early February 2007 after losing
Paul Pierce to injury, the result of a stress reaction in his left foot (he would later miss the latter part of March and all of April because of swelling in his left elbow). At first, the Celtics received a much needed boost from guard
Tony Allen but he tore his
ACL on a needless dunk attempt after the whistle in a game vs. the
Indiana Pacers on January 10, 2007. The Celtics recorded a record of 24–58, second-worst in the NBA, including a franchise record
18-game losing streak that lasted from January 5 to February 14. As the streak grew, some suggested that Pierce sit out the rest of the season to the let the young players such as
Al Jefferson,
Gerald Green,
Rajon Rondo and
Delonte West get more experience.
2007-2009: Return to glory
{{#ifexist:Category:Articles needing additional references from June 2008
After a dreadful 2006–2007 season, rumors flared that Paul Pierce wanted out of Boston. Furthermore, head coach
Doc Rivers and GM
Danny Ainge were both in danger of losing their jobs. The franchise was in need of help, in hopes of getting the first or second pick in the first round in the
2007 NBA Draft Lottery pick (in which they were in favor) for either
Greg Oden or
Kevin Durant. But shockingly, the Celtics landed the #5 pick and the
Portland Trail Blazers landed with the first pick and drafted Greg Oden, followed by Kevin Durant who was drafted second by the
Seattle SuperSonics (who moved to Oklahoma City in 2008–2009 and became known as the Oklahoma City Thunder).
Jeff Green was in favor of joining the Celtics franchise, but Danny Ainge traded the rights to Green, alongside with
Delonte West and
Wally Szczerbiak, to the SuperSonics for
Ray Allen and the rights to
Glen Davis. Rumors were spreading across the media about Kevin Garnett coming to Boston after demanding that he wanted to leave the
Minnesota Timberwolves, believing the Timberwolves were not the team to help him win a championship. He also first said that he did not want to join the Celtics franchise because they were not a championship team. But after the Celtics obtained
Ray Allen from the
Seattle SuperSonics, Garnett was finally convinced of the Celtics' desire to win a championship and wanted to join the franchise. So, a blockbuster trade was made. For Garnett, the Celtics traded
Al Jefferson,
Gerald Green (the first Celtic to win the
NBA Slam Dunk Contest since
Dee Brown in 1991),
Sebastian Telfair,
Ryan Gomes,
Theo Ratliff, a 2009 first round draft pick, and cash considerations. A dynasty was rebuilding and the future
Big Three (also known as the Boston Three Party) was in place.
The Celtics would have a successful regular season, and complete the largest single-season turnaround in NBA history, finishing with a league-best 66–16 record, 42 games better than the previous year's. The 66–16 record they compiled, which included a season-high 10 game winning streak, was the 6th greatest record percentage-wise in NBA history.
Their first matchup in the
2008 NBA Playoffs was against the eighth-seeded
Atlanta Hawks. At home, the Celtics were dominant: their lowest home margin of victory against the Hawks in the playoffs was 19 in Game 2. However, the surprising Hawks were able to beat the Celtics in all three games in Atlanta. The series went seven games, with the home team winning each game. The second round pitted Boston against
LeBron James and the
Cleveland Cavaliers. Once again the series went to seven games. Game 7 saw Paul Pierce and LeBron James in a shootout with each scoring over 40 points, but the Celtics emerged victorious 97–92. In the Eastern Conference Finals the Celtics faced the
Detroit Pistons. In Game 2, the Celtics finally lost at home for the first time in the playoffs. However, the Celtics bounced back to win Game 3 on the road in Detroit. The series continued and the Celtics took down the Pistons in six games, winning the deciding game on the road.
The
2008 NBA Finals were contested with Kobe Bryant, Pau Gasol and a Los Angeles Lakers team in the middle of a dominant playoff run. They swept the
Denver Nuggets in the first round, defeated the
Utah Jazz in the second round in six games, and extinguished the repeat hopes of the defending champion
San Antonio Spurs in five games in the Western Conference Finals. Factoring in the Lakers strong playoff run to the Finals and the Celtics problems of even reaching the Finals with two 7-game series, the Lakers had a strong chance to beat a seemingly tired Boston team. The first games of the series started with the Celtics once again dominating at home. Game 1 saw Paul Pierce suffer a knee injury early in the game only to come back and make 70 percent of his attempted field goals, resulting in a 98–88 Celtics win. In Game 2, Boston nearly lost a 24-point lead only to win 108–102. The Lakers returned to Staples Center and won Game 3, 87–81. When Los Angeles took a 24-point lead in the second quarter of Game 4 the Celtics appeared to be losing control of the series. Led by a bench that outscored the Lakers bench by 20 points, the Celtics took over Game 4 with a 97–91 victory, the biggest comeback in NBA Finals history. Although the Los Angeles Lakers won Game 5, 103–98, the series went back to Boston for Game 6, and the Celtics finished off Los Angeles with a 131–92 victory. Game 6 was the most lopsided win in a NBA Finals game since the
Chicago Bulls defeated the
Utah Jazz by 42 points in the
1998 NBA Finals, and the all-time largest margin of victory in a deciding game. Paul Pierce was named NBA Finals MVP. The Celtics had won their record 17th NBA championship, the first new banner for the TD Banknorth Garden, and the franchise's first championship in 22 years.
The 2008-2009 Celtics started off the season at 27-2, the best starting record in NBA history. They also had a pair of 10+ game winning streaks (19, a franchise record, and 12, respectively), not seen since the 1985–86 season. Both streaks, however, were snapped by their previous year's Finals opponents, the
Los Angeles Lakers (who would later go on to win the
2009 NBA Finals), on December 25, 2008 (92–83) and February 5, 2009 (110–109, OT). Things did not get better for the Defending Champs and after the All Star break things turned for the worse when
Kevin Garnett got injured in a loss against the
Utah Jazz. They then had
Sam Cassell traded to the Sacramento Kings and
Patrick O’Bryant to the Toronto Raptors for 2nd round picks and to add more valuable free agents for their playoff push. After a week they signed
Mikki Moore off waivers from the Kings to boost their frontline, and signed
Stephon Marbury from the New York Knicks. Despite the key additions the Celtics were only 12–8 following the All-Star break, and fell from 1st to 2nd place in the East, primarily due to various player injuries, particularly
Kevin Garnett's, who missed the most number of games in a season during his 14-year career. The Celtics would, however, have another successful season, despite being decimated by injuries, acquiring back-to-back 60 win season by garnering a record of 62–20, and being awarded the second seed in the Eastern Conference. The 2009 NBA playoffs started off like last season going to 7 games against the
Chicago Bulls with Boston winning the series. Once again the second series went to 7 games but the Celtics lost to the
Orlando Magic, putting an end to their memorable season. It was the first time in franchise history they had ever lost a series after leading 3-2.
2009 Offseason
The offseason began with rumors of Rajon Rondo and Ray Allen being shopped around by Danny Ainge. These rumors were finally denied by Ainge by stating that he has a championship team assembled but if changes need to be made he wouldn't hesitate. On July 2, 2009, GM Danny Ainge and partner Wyc Grousbeck, along with Kevin Garnett, Ray Allen, and Paul Pierce traveled to
Detroit to meet with Pistons
free agent power forward,
Rasheed Wallace to offer a contract. After careful consideration, Wallace agreed to join and is expected to sign on July, 8, 2009, which is the first day free agents are eligible to sign. His contract is for 3 years using the mid-level exception, expected to be between 5.6-5.8 million. The Celtics were unable to sign
Phoenix Suns free agent forward veteran
Grant Hill. He decided to stay with the Phoenix Suns.
[32] On July 18 2009,
Marquis Daniels reportedly committed to joining the Boston Celtics either by signing for the $1.9 million biannual exception or be delivered in a sign-and-trade deal with Indiana. The deal would reportedly involve either Brian Scalabrine, or a combination of Tony Allen, Gabe Pruitt, and or Bill Walker. On August 7th, the Celtics signed free agent center/forward Shelden Williams to a contract.The Celtics did not disclose terms of the deal, citing team policy.The 6-foot-9, 250-pound Williams was originally drafted by the Atlanta Hawks with the fifth overall pick in the 2006 draft.He was acquired by the Minnesota Timberwolves from the Sacramento Kings in February. He then appeared in 15 games, averaging 4.9 points and 5.0 rebounds in 13.8 minutes per game.The former Duke Blue Devil has posted career averages of 4.7 points and 4.2 rebounds in 14.7 minutes per game.
Historical rivalries
The Boston Celtics have a long-standing rivalry with the
Los Angeles Lakers, which is widely regarded as the league's greatest rivalry, as these two teams have faced each other 11 times in the
NBA Finals, with the most recent being the
2008 NBA Finals. The teams have won a combined 32
NBA championships in the 63
NBA seasons, making both teams accountable for half of all NBA championships. In the 1960s, the Celtics faced and defeated the Lakers six times in the NBA Finals, despite the efforts of
Jerry West and
Elgin Baylor. The rivalry was renewed in the 1980s, when the Lakers and Celtics won 8 of the 9 NBA Championships awarded from 1980–1988 (the Lakers won 5 while the Celtics won 3), and played each other in the
NBA Finals on 3 occasions. The rivalry cooled off as the Celtics slipped into mediocrity in the mid- and late-'90s until they met in the
2008 Finals.
In the Eastern Conference, the Celtics long-standing rivals have been the
Philadelphia 76ers,
[33] led by
Wilt Chamberlain in the 1960s, and by
Julius Erving and
Moses Malone in the 1970s and 1980s. The Celtics-Sixers rivalry in the 1980s was marked by intense personal confrontations between
Larry Bird and Julius Erving. Their most recent playoff rivalry came in the
'02 First Round, as then-Sixer
Allen Iverson and
Paul Pierce, both prolific scorers of their time, went head-to-head.
Another fierce rivalry formed in the 1980s between the Celtics and the
Detroit Pistons. The two franchises met in the playoffs five times between 1985 and 1991, and more than once there was a physical confrontation between a Celtic and Detroit's
Bill Laimbeer. The rivalry, like their rivalry with the Lakers, cooled in the 1990s as the Celtics slid into a long decline, although there was a renewal of interest when the teams met in the
2002 East Semifinals, and later in the
2008 East Finals.
A relatively new rivalry surfaced between the Celtics and the
Cleveland Cavaliers. Their rivalry came to a head in the
2008 NBA Playoffs where
LeBron James and the Cavaliers faced the retooled Celtics in the second round. Particularly memorable was the individual rivalry between James and
Paul Pierce. Overall, however, it was a defensive battle as both teams outwitted each other with their particular brand of defense.
Boston's other fierce rivals included the
Atlanta Hawks (dating back to the late 1950s, which resurfaced during the rivalry of
Larry Bird and
Dominique Wilkins, and later in
2008),
Milwaukee Bucks (during the mid-1980s),
Indiana Pacers (1991–92 and 2003–05; both involved Larry Bird as a player and as an executive),
New York Knicks (both were original NBA franchises, and have never moved to another city nor changed its nickname), and
New Jersey Nets (
2002 and
2003). In addition, the
San Antonio Spurs have provided a tough challenge for Boston, especially since adding
Tim Duncan with the
number one pick in the
1997 NBA Draft. Since then, the Spurs racked up 18 straight wins against Boston before the streak was broken on
St. Patrick's Day 2007, concomitantly ending a 17-year, 15-game drought in
San Antonio.
[34]
Individually,
Paul Pierce has been developing rivalries on the court with
LeBron James,
Ron Artest,
Quentin Richardson, John Salmons and
Keon Clark. During games between the Celtics and the
Cavaliers, Pierce and James often combine explosive scoring with defensive intensity.
[35]
Season-by-season records
Records, retired numbers and awards
Home arenas
- Boston Arena (1946), site of the first Celtics game and where the parquet floor was originally installed. Served as a secondary venue during the franchise's early years. Now known as Northeastern University's Matthews Arena.
- Boston Garden (1946–1995)
- Hartford Civic Center (1975–1995), occasionally used for home games.
- TD Garden
(1995–present), formerly known as Fleet Center (1995–2005).
Players
Current roster
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
International rights
Notable players
Head coaches
Boston Celtics head coaches
|
40s
Name
| Start
| End
| Seasons
| Regular season
| Playoffs
|
W
| L
| PCT
| G
| W
| L
| PCT
| G
|
Honey Russell
| Initial Coach
| End of 1947–48
| 2
| 42
| 66
| .389
| 108
| 1
| 2
| .333
| 3
|
Doggie Julian
| April 11, 1948
| End of 1949–50
| 2
| 47
| 81
| .367
| 128
| –
| –
| –
| –
|
|
50s & 60s
Name
| Start
| End
| Seasons
| Regular season
| Playoffs
|
W
| L
| PCT
| G
| W
| L
| PCT
| G
|
Red Auerbach
| April 27, 1950
| End of 1965–66
| 16
| 795
| 397
| .667
| 1192
| 90
| 58
| .608
| 148
|
Bill Russell
| Start of 1966–67
| End of 1968–69
| 3
| 162
| 83
| .661
| 245
| 28
| 18
| .609
| 46
|
|
70s
Name
| Start
| End
| Seasons
| Regular season
| Playoffs
|
W
| L
| PCT
| G
| W
| L
| PCT
| G
|
Tom Heinsohn
| Start of 1969–70
| January 3, 1978
| 9
| 427
| 263
| .619
| 690
| 47
| 33
| .588
| 80
|
Tom Sanders
| January 3, 1978
| November, 1978
| 2
| 23
| 39
| .371
| 62
| –
| –
| –
| –
|
Dave Cowens
| November, 1978
| End of 1978–79
| 1
| 27
| 41
| .397
| 68
| –
| –
| –
| –
|
|
80s
Name
| Start
| End
| Seasons
| Regular season
| Playoffs
|
W
| L
| PCT
| G
| W
| L
| PCT
| G
|
'''Bill Fitch
| May 23, 1979'''
| May 27, 1983
| 4
| 242
| 86
| .738
| 328
| 26
| 19
| .578
| 45
|
'''K.C. Jones
| June 7, 1983'''
| End of 1987–88
| 5
| 308
| 102
| .751
| 410
| 65
| 37
| .637
| 102
|
Jim Rodgers
| Start of 1988–89
| May 8, 1990
| 2
| 94
| 70
| .573
| 164
| 2
| 6
| .250
| 8
|
|
90s
Name
| Start
| End
| Seasons
| Regular season
| Playoffs
|
W
| L
| PCT
| G
| W
| L
| PCT
| G
|
Chris Ford
| June 12, 1990
| May 17, 1995
| 5
| 222
| 188
| .541
| 410
| 13
| 16
| .448
| 29
|
M. L. Carr
| June 20, 1995
| April 30, 1997
| 2
| 48
| 116
| .293
| 164
| –
| –
| –
| –
|
Rick Pitino
| May 8, 1997
| January 8, 2001
| 4
| 102
| 146
| .411
| 248
| –
| –
| –
| –
|
|
00s
Name
| Start
| End
| Seasons
| Regular season
| Playoffs
|
W
| L
| PCT
| G
| W
| L
| PCT
| G
|
Jim O'Brien
| January 8, 2001
| January 27, 2004
| 4
| 139
| 119
| .539
| 258
| 13
| 13
| .500
| 26
|
John Carroll
| January 27, 2004
| End of 2003–04
| 1
| 14
| 22
| .389
| 36
| 0
| 4
| .000
| 4
|
Doc Rivers
| April 29, 2004
| Present
| 4
| 230
| 180
| .561
| 410
| 26
| 21
| .553
| 47
|
|
|
Logos and uniforms
Logos
thumb–
present
)
The Boston Celtics released a new logo for the
1996–97 season, although the depiction of a
leprechaun spinning a basketball has been in use since the early 1950s. The logo was originally designed by Zang Auerbach, the brother of Celtics head coach
Red Auerbach. The logo has received numerous tweaks over the years; the latest version decorated the leprechaun in a gold vest to celebrate the club's 50th anniversary.
[36]
The most familiar version, however, is the one-colored logo used during the
Larry Bird era, with the leprechaun traced in black and only green and white clothes, which is still used on some TV networks whenever the current Celtics logo is unavailable or in classic Celtics references.
[37] The Celtics also have various alternative logos, with the most popular being a white
shamrock with the letters "Celtics" above it, wrapped in a green circle, which has been used since the
1998–99 season.
Uniforms
The Celtics jerseys have always been green on away games and white on home games since their inception in 1946. Except for some minor modifications, most notably the serifed version of the uniforms during the
Bill Russell era, the jerseys remained unchanged through the years.
Beginning in
2005–06, the Celtics began using alternate road jerseys which are green with black trim and the word "
Boston" on the front side of the jersey. The alternate road jersey was rarely seen with few appearances in its first 2 seasons, but in
2007–08 it has been used much more often, in more than half of the road games.
Also in
2005–06, the Celtics began a tradition of wearing their green jerseys with gold trim as part of the
St. Patrick's Day celebrations the
NBA puts into place every third week of March. Except for the words "Boston" in front and the gold trim, the St. Patrick's Day jerseys resemble the regular road jerseys.
During the
2006–07 season, the Celtics wore a commemorative patch of a black
shamrock with the nickname "Red" in green letters on the right top of the jersey in remembrance of
Red Auerbach, who died shortly prior to the beginning of the season.
[38]
During the
NBA Europe Live Tour prior to the
2007–08 season, the Celtics used the alternate road jerseys in their game against the
Toronto Raptors in
Rome, except that the words "Boston" on the front side of the jersey and the shamrock on the shorts and on the reverse side of the jersey contained the green, white and red
tricolors of the
Italian flag. In the second game in
London, the regular road jerseys featured a patch containing the
Union Jack.
At the
2008–09 season opener against the
Cleveland Cavaliers, the Celtics wore a modified version of their home uniforms, accented with gold, to commemorate last season's championship team.
The team has honored deceased members of the Celtics family with a commemorative black band on the left shoulder strap of the jersey. It has been featured seven times in the history of the franchise:
Walter Brown (
1964–65),
Bob Schmertz (
1975–76), Joan Cohen (
1989–90),
Johnny Most (
1993–94),
Reggie Lewis (
1993–94), Dorothy Auerbach (
2000–01) and
Dennis Johnson (
2006–07).
The team also had the tradition of wearing black sneakers through most of their history, except during the early 1980s when they wore green sneakers. Beginning with the
2003–04 season, the team began to wear white sneakers at home games. They still wear the black sneakers on away games, but in the
2008-09 season, they wore white sneakers with green and gold accents while wearing their St. Patrick's Day jerseys on the road.
The Celtics are also the only team to wear warmup jackets with the player names at the back. During the 1980s this style was dominant in most NBA warmup jackets, but by the late 1990s, this style gradually declined. The Celtics, however, decided to keep the design in keeping with tradition.
Television and radio
Ownership history
- Walter A. Brown, team founder and original owner (1946–64)
- Marjorie Brown, wife of team founder (1964–1965)
- Marvin Kratter/National Equities (1965–68)
- Ballantine Brewery (1968–69)
- E.E. Erdman's Trans-National Communications (1969–71)
- Investors Funding Corporation (1971–72)
- Robert Schmertz-Leisure Technology (1972–74)
- Robert Schmertz and Irv Levin (1974–75)
- Irv Levin (1975–78)
- John Y. Brown, Jr. and Harry T. Mangurian, Jr. (1978-1979)
- Harry T. Mangurian, Jr. (1979–83)
- Don Gaston, Alan N. Cohen, Paul Dupee (1983–93)
- Paul Gaston (1993–2002)
- Boston Basketball Partners LLC — consisting of Wycliffe Grousbeck, Stephen Pagliuca, and H. Irving Grousbeck (2002–present
)
References
- Celtics Related Books
- Earl Lloyd — First Black Coach
- Celtics tried to pass on ultimate passer
- Bob Cousy Biography
- Official Website of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame - Hall of Famers
- David Kamp.com - Only the Ball Was Brown
- Recap - 1950s
- NBA.com: Bob Pettit Bio
- St. Louis Hawks (1955–1968)
- Boston Celtics (1946-Present)
- LAKERS: Los Angeles Lakers History
- High Five Celtics.com
- Boston Celtics
- Bill Russell
- Discover the Wisdom of Mankind on Boston Celtics
- NBA.com Heritage Week: Power Rankings, 1969-70
- "Unbreakable" Sports Records (The World Almanac)
- Auerbach, Red
- Bio at BlinkBits. Boston Celtics
- Recap - 1970s Celtics.com
- Bucks NBA
- SUNS: Greatest Game Ever
- http://www.sportsfilter.com/cat.cfm/sports/Basketball.html
- http://www.espnshop.com/catalog/productdetail/model--65226~9-42215/
- Oklahoma Sooners Official Athletic Site — Men's Basketball
- 100 Great Moments in Big Ten Men's Basketball History
- Memories of Red
- NBA.com: Bob McAdoo Bio
- CNN/SI - 33: Timeline
- NBA.com: All-Time Finals Challenge: 1981 Celtics
- Boston Celtics History
- http://www.boston.com/sports/basketball/celtics/articles/2009/07/11/free_agent_hill_chooses_suns_ove
- Celtics continue strong play, handle 76ers for ninth straight win, ''Associated Press'', March 10, 2008.
- Celtics come out on top at Spurs for first time in 17 years, ''Associated Press'', March 17, 2007.
- Brian Windhorst, James, Pierce Resume Rivalry: Cavaliers Standout Set to Go Head-to-Head, The Akron Beacon Journal, March 24, 2006
- Boston Celtics Logo - Chris Creamer's Sports Logos Page - SportsLogos.Net
- Boston Celtics Logo - Chris Creamer's Sports Logos Page - SportsLogos.Net
- 2007–08 Downloadable Media Guide