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In geography, an oasis
(plural: oases
) or cienega (southwestern United States) is an isolated area of vegetation in a desert, typically surrounding a spring or similar water source. Oases also provide habitat for animals and even humans if the area is big enough.
The location of oases has been of critical importance for trade and transportation routes in desert areas. Caravans must travel via oases so that supplies of water and food can be replenished. Thus, political or military control of an oasis has in many cases meant control of trade on a particular route. For example, the oases of Awjila, Ghadames and Kufra, situated in modern-day Libya, have at various times been vital to both North-South and East-West trade in the Sahara. The word oasis
came into English via Greek ?as?? oasis
, borrowed directly from Egyptian w?3t
or Demotic w??
. It was not borrowed from Coptic oua?e
(*/wahe/), as is sometimes suggested; the Greek word is attested several centuries before Coptic existed as a written language.
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Oases are formed from underground rivers or aquifers such as an artesian aquifer, where water can reach the surface naturally by pressure or by man made wells. Occasional brief thunderstorms provide subterranean water to sustain natural oases, such as the Tuat. Substrata of impermeable rock and stone can trap water and retain it in pockets; or on long faulting subsurface ridges or volcanic dikes water can collect and percolate to the surface. Any incidence of water is then used by migrating birds who also pass seeds with their droppings which will grow at the water's edge forming an oasis.
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OASIS TICKETS
EVENT | DATE | AVAILABILITY |
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Oasis Tickets 7/4 | Jul 04, 2025 Fri, 5:00 PM | | Oasis Tickets 7/5 | Jul 05, 2025 Sat, 5:00 PM | | Oasis Tickets 7/11 | Jul 11, 2025 Fri, 3:30 PM | | Oasis Tickets 7/12 | Jul 12, 2025 Sat, 3:30 PM | | Oasis Tickets 7/16 | Jul 16, 2025 Wed, 3:30 PM | |
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Growing plants
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People who live in an oasis must manage land and water use carefully; fields must be irrigated to grow plants like dates, figs, olives, and apricots. The most important plant in an oasis is the date palm which forms the upper layer. These palm trees provide shade for smaller trees like peach trees, which form the middle layer. By growing plants in different layers, the farmers make best use of the soil and water. Many vegetables are also grown and some cereals, such as wheat, barley and millet are grown where there is more moisture.
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Notable Oases
- Nile River valley and delta, Egypt, is claimed as the world's biggest oasis by the 2007 edition of The Guinness Book of World Records with a stated area of 22,000 square kilometres.
- Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia
- Al-Qatif, Saudi Arabia, large oasis on the coast of the Persian Gulf.
- Azraq, Jordan
- Bahariya Oasis, Egypt
- Ein Gedi, Israel
- El Tour, Sinai peninsula,
- Farafra Oasis, Egypt
- Fish Springs National Wildlife Refuge, United States
- Gaberoun, Libya
- Herðubreiðarlindir, a so-called oasis-like area in the frozen Highlands of Iceland
- Huacachina, Peru
- Kufra Oasis, Libya
thumb, Israel
thumb, Utah, United States of America.
- La Cienega, New Mexico, a paraje on El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro
- Las Vegas Valley, United States, what was once an oasis in the vast Mojave desert has over the years grown into a vibrant metropolitan area of over 1.8 million people, location of the famed Las Vegas Strip.
- Loulan, China
- M'Zab Valley, Algeria
- Marin, China
- Niya, China
- Ouargla, Algeria
- MS Oasis of the seas
- Safsaf Oasis, Egypt
- San Pedro de Atacama, Chile
- Siwa Oasis, Egypt
- Tabas, Iran
- Tafilalt, Morocco
- Timimoun, Algeria
- Tozeur, Tunisia
- Tuat, Algeria
- Turfan, China
- Twentynine Palms, California, United States
- Warm Springs Area, Nevada, United States
- Yarkand, China
- Zerzura, a mythical oasis in Egypt or Libya
- Palm Valley, Central Australia
See also
- Oasification
- Qanat
- Guelta
Bibliography
- (French) Battesti (Vincent), Jardins au désert, Evolution des pratiques et savoirs oasiens, Jérid tunisien
, Paris, Éditions IRD, coll. À travers champs, 2005, 440 p. ISBN 2-7099-1564-2
References
- http://library.eb.co.uk/eb/article-9056610
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