Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta
(born March 28, 1986), better known by her stage name Lady Gaga
, is an American recording artist. She began playing in clubs in the New York City area while also working at Interscope Records as a songwriter for several established acts, including Akon who, after hearing Gaga sing, convinced Interscope Records chairman Jimmy Iovine to sign her to a joint deal with the label and Akon's Kon Live Distribution label.
She began working with a collective called the Haus of Gaga in 2008, and released her debut album The Fame
in August of the same year. The album peaked at number one in countries such as the United Kingdom and Canada, and topped the Billboard
Top Electronic Albums chart in the United States. To date, the album has spawned the international number one singles "Just Dance" (nominated for Best Dance Recording at the 51st Grammy Awards) and "Poker Face." After opening for New Kids on the Block and the Pussycat Dolls, Gaga headlined her first tour, The Fame Ball Tour.
Musically, she is inspired by glam rockers such as David Bowie and Queen, as well as pop singers such as Michael Jackson and Madonna.
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Biography
1986–2004: Early life and education
Gaga was born in
Yonkers, New York as the eldest child to
Italian American parents Joseph, an
Internet entrepreneur, and Cynthia Germanotta, a
telecommunications assistant.
[1] [2] [3] By the time she was eleven, Gaga was set to join
Juilliard School in Manhattan,
[4] but instead attended
Convent of the Sacred Heart, a
private Catholic school.
[5] Having learned piano at the age of four, Gaga went on to write her first piano ballad at thirteen and began performing at
open mic nights by the age of fourteen.
[6] At the age of seventeen, she gained early admission to the
New York University's
Tisch School of the Arts. There, she studied music and improved her songwriting skills by composing essays and analytical papers focusing on topics such as art, religion, and socio-political order.
[7] Gaga later withdrew from the school.
[8]
2005–2007: Career beginnings
160px at their weekly party New York Street Revival and Trash Dance.
[9]
Gaga signed with
Def Jam Records when she was nineteen years old, after record executive
L. A. Reid heard her singing down the hallway from his office. However, she claims Reid never met with her, and after three months, she was dropped from the label.
She moved out of her parents' house and started performing downtown in the
Lower East Side club scene, with bands Mackin Pulsifer and SGBand.
[10] Wanting to differentiate herself from the prevalent
rock and roll scene, she chose to focus on
pop music. Around the same time, she started taking drugs and performing at
burlesque shows; Gaga said her father "just didn't understand" it, and that he could not look at her for several months.
[11] One day,
music producer Rob Fusari, who helped Gaga write some of her earlier songs, compared her vocal style to that of
Freddie Mercury. He nicknamed her Gaga, after the
Queen song "
Radio Ga Ga." She began to use it as her
stage name and was known thereafter as Lady Gaga.
Throughout 2007, Gaga collaborated with
performance artist
Lady Starlight, who helped her create her onstage fashions.
[12] The pair began playing gigs at downtown club venues like the
Mercury Lounge,
The Bitter End, and the Rockwood Music Hall,
with their live performance art piece known as "Lady Gaga and the Starlight Revue."
[13] Billed as "The Ultimate Pop Burlesque Rockshow,"
[14] their act was a low-fi tribute to 1970's variety acts.
[15] In August 2007, Gaga and Starlight were invited to play at the American
music festival Lollapalooza.
[16] The show was critically acclaimed, and their performance received highly positive reviews.
Having initially focused on
avant-garde,
electronic dance music, Gaga found her musical niche when she began to incorporate
pop melodies and the vintage
glam rock of
David Bowie and
Queen into the mix.
[17]
During this time, she began writing for artists signed to
Akon's
Konvict label, as well as
Fergie, the
Pussycat Dolls,
Britney Spears, and
New Kids on the Block.
After hearing her sing a reference vocal for one of his tracks, Akon formed the opinion that she was also a good singer.
[18] He ultimately convinced
Interscope Records chairman Jimmy Iovine to sign her to a joint deal with his own label,
Kon Live Distribution,
and would later call Gaga his "franchise player."
[19] Through her affiliation with Akon, Gaga started to work on her own new material for her debut album with producer
RedOne. Already having a solid selection of electro-glam,
David Bowie-esque, and
Queen-inspired songs, Gaga wanted to mix her retro dance beats with urban melodies, a pop chorus and still retain a
rock and roll edge. The first song they produced was a
mash-up of
Mötley Crüe's "
Girls, Girls, Girls" and
AC/DC's "
T.N.T."
2008–present: The Fame
thumb tour.
By 2008, Gaga had relocated to
Los Angeles, working closely with her record label to finalize her debut album
The Fame
.
Gaga said that she combined a lot of different genres on the album, "from
Def Leppard drums and handclaps to
metal drums on
urban tracks."
She began to work with a collective called the Haus of Gaga, who collaborate with Gaga on her clothing, stage sets, and sounds.
The Fame
received mostly positive reviews from critics; according to the music review aggregation of
Metacritic, it has received an average score of seventy-one out of hundred.
[20] Times Online
described the album as "a fantastic mix of
Bowie-esque ballads, dramatic,
Queen-inspired midtempo numbers and synth-based dance tracks that poke fun at celebrity-chasing rich kids."
The Fame
peaked at number one in Austria, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Ireland, and at number four in Australia and the United States;
[21] [22] worldwide sales as of July 2009 stand at 3 million copies.
[23] The album's lead single, "
Just Dance," was released on April 8, 2008, and has topped the charts in six countries - Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, Ireland, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
[24] It received a
Grammy nomination for the
Best Dance Recording, but lost to
Daft Punk's "
Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger."
[25] The second single, "
Poker Face", was released on September 23, 2008, and has reached number one in nearly twenty countries, including almost all major music markets in the world. "Poker Face" became Gaga's second consecutive number one on the
Billboard
Hot 100 in April 2009.
[26]
Afterward, the Haus of Gaga turned its focus further upon the American market with Gaga going on her first ever
concert tour with fellow
Interscope pop group, the reformed
New Kids on the Block. Gaga started her stint with them in Los Angeles on October 8, 2008, and continued through the end of November.
[27] She appeared as a guest artist on the song "Big Girl Now" from their new album,
The Block
.
[28] Gaga's first headlining North American tour,
The Fame Ball Tour, began on March 12, 2009, and has received critical acclaim.
[29] [30] In May, Gaga opened for the
Pussycat Dolls in Australia. Her performance there was well-received, with a reviewer claiming that she upstaged the Dolls.
[31] [32] Around the same time, the music video for her international third single, "
LoveGame," was banned by the Australian channel
Network Ten, who refused to play the video reasoning that it contained sexually explicit imagery.
[33]
Gaga appeared semi-nude, wearing only plastic bubbles, on the cover of the annual 'Hot 100' issue of
Rolling Stone
in May 2009.
[34] [35] In the issue she discussed that while she was making her beginnings in the New York club scene, Gaga was romantically involved with a
heavy metal drummer. Gaga described their relationship and break-up, saying of it, "I was his Sandy, and he was my Danny [of
Grease
], and I just broke." He later became an inspiration behind some of the songs on her debut album
The Fame
.
[36] Gaga also stated that she is
bisexual and is inspired by beautiful women, which she says makes her boyfriends "uncomfortable."
She later regretted the comments she made of her sexuality, saying, "I don't like to be seen as somebody who is using the
gay community to look edgy. I'm a free sexual woman and I like what I like. I don't want people to write that about me because I feel like it looks like I'm saying it because I'm trying to be edgy or underground."
She had previously told a crowd at one of her concerts that her song "
Poker Face" lyrically discusses fantasizing about a woman while being in bed with a man.
[37] She also appeared on rapper
Wale's single "
Chillin."
[38]
Musical style
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Gaga has been primarily influenced by
glam rockers such as
David Bowie and
Queen,
pop singers
Michael Jackson and
Madonna, artist
Andy Warhol, poet
Rainer Maria Rilke, fashion icon and entertainer
Grace Jones, and
fashion as a whole.
[39] [40] Gaga's vocals have drawn frequent comparison to Madonna and
Gwen Stefani, while the structure of her music is said to be reminiscent of classic 1980s pop and 1990s
Europop.
[41] In reviewing her debut album
The Fame
,
The Sunday Times
asserts "in combining music, fashion, art and technology, Lady [Gaga] evokes Madonna when she was good, Gwen Stefani circa
Hollaback Girl,
Kylie 2001 or Grace Jones right now."
[42] Similarly,
The Boston Globe
critic Sarah Rodman comments Gaga draws "obvious inspirations from Madonna to Gwen Stefani... in [her] girlish but sturdy pipes and bubbly beats."
[43] Baby A. Gil of
The Philippine Star
asserts that her voice is "just right for the mix of dance and rock that she does."
[44] As an artist, Alexis Petridis of
The Boston Globe
commented that although Gaga lacks originality, "pop music doesn't have to be blindingly original or clever to work: it needs tunes, and Lady [Gaga] is fantastically good at tunes."
[ Though Gaga's lyrics are said to lack intellectual stimulation, "[she] does manage to get you moving and grooving at an almost effortless pace." [45]
]
Influences
thumb.
Gaga has stated that she is "very into fashion" and that it is "everything" to her. [46] Her love of fashion came from her mother, who was "always very well kept and beautiful." She claims that: "When I'm writing music, I'm thinking about the clothes I want to wear on stage. It's all about everything altogether — performance art, pop performance art, fashion. For me, it's everything coming together and being a real story that will bring back the super-fan. I want to bring that back. I want the imagery to be so strong that fans will want to eat and taste and lick every part of us." Gaga says that she channels Versace in everything she does, and considers Donatella Versace as her muse in many ways. Melissa Magsaysay of Los Angeles Times
commented, "[Gaga's] aversion to wearing a top and bottom at the same time [...] swigging champagne and being fanned by oily men in Speedos [is] very Donatella-esque." [47] Gaga has her own creative production team called the Haus of Gaga, which she handles personally. The team creates many of her clothes, stage props, and hairdos. [48] Gaga is a natural brunette, but her hair is dyed blonde because she was often mistaken for fellow musician Amy Winehouse. Towards the end of 2008, comparisons were made between the fashions of Gaga and recording artist Christina Aguilera, noting similarities in their styling, hair, and make-up. Aguilera later claimed she was "completely unaware of [Gaga]" and "didn't know if it [was] a man or a woman." Afterward, Gaga released a statement in which she welcomed the comparisons due to the attention providing useful publicity. Gaga said, "She's such a huge star and if anything I should send her flowers, because a lot of people in America didn't know who I was until that whole thing happened. It really put me on the map in a way." [49] [50]
Gaga attributes much of her early success as a mainstream artist to her gay fans and is considered by some to be a fledgling gay icon. [51] [52] [53] She claimed difficulty in the early stages of her career in getting her songs to receive radio airplay and stated, "[t]he turning point for me was the gay community. I've got so many gay fans and they're so loyal to me and they really lifted me up. They'll always stand by me and I'll always stand by them. It's not an easy thing to create a fanbase." [54] She thanked FlyLife, a Manhattan-based LGBT marketing company with whom her label Interscope works, in the liner notes of her debut studio album, The Fame
, saying, "I love you so much. You were the first heartbeat in this project, and your support and brilliance means the world to me. I will always fight for the gay community hand in hand with this incredible team." [55] She believes that "there is no fucking spirit in the world like in the gay community. [...] I'm always gonna be the most supportive chick on the planet of the gay community. Every time I go to cities to play, even in arenas, I always make sure I play a second show at a gay club." In response to those who have referred to her as a gay icon, Gaga said, "If I can let people in on that joy [of gay culture] then that would make me a deserved gay icon, but it's not going to be for my shoes. It's gonna be because I really love [the gay community]." Some of her first major performances were at events related to gay culture. Her first televised performance was in May 2008 at the NewNowNext Awards, an awards show aired by the LGBT television network Logo, where she sang her song "Just Dance." [56] In June of the same year, she performed the song again at the San Francisco Pride event. [57] Gaga said that "being invited to play" at the event "was a real turning point for me as an artist." When she appeared as a guest on The Ellen DeGeneres Show
in May 2009, Gaga praised DeGeneres, a lesbian and gay icon, for being "an inspiration for women and for the gay community." [58]
Discography
Awards and nominations
References
- Lady GaGa - Biography
- Chart Beat: Lady GaGa, Luis Fonsi, Taylor Swift, 'Purple Rain'
- Lady Gaga: ready for her close-up
- Lady Gaga: How the world went crazy for the new queen of pop
- Lady GaGa: the future of pop?
- Biography of Lady Gaga
- Interview: Lady GaGa
- Lady GaGa Brings Her Artistic Vision Of Pop Music To New Album
- Lady GaGa: Some Like it Pop
- Artist Spotlights: Lady Gaga
- Lady GaGa
- 2009: Keep your ears open to this music
- Just Who Is Lady GaGa?
- Lady Gaga
- GaGa: On stripping, drugs and No 1s
- Going Ga-Ga for Lady Gaga
- Why the world is going gaga for electro-pop diva Stefani
- Lady GaGa: Totally Ga-Ga
- Akon Calls Lady Gaga His 'Franchise Player'
- The Fame
- Lady GaGa's 'Fame' rises to No. 1
- Lady Gaga - The Fame
- Lady Gaga Makes Top 40 Radio History
- Lady Gaga and Colby O'Donis - Just Dance
- The 51st Annual Grammy Awards Nominations List
- Lady Gaga - Poker Face
- International Pop Star Lady Gaga Set to Tour With New Kids on the Block
- Big Girl Now (featuring Lady Gaga)
- "The Fame Ball" U.S. Tour!
- Lady Gaga / May 2, 2009 / New York (Terminal 5)
- Fans go gaga as the Lady upstages the Dolls
- Lady Gaga upstages Pussycat Dolls at Rod Laver Arena
- Radio Gaga
- Lady GaGa gets naked for Rolling Stone cover shoot
- The Rise of Lady Gaga
- The Rise of Lady Gaga
- Lady GaGa Entertains Thousands At Palm Springs White Party
- Wale featuring Lady Gaga - Chillin
- allmusic ((( Lady Gaga > O,erview )))
- Lady GaGa: "Grace Jones, Androgynous, Robo, Future Fashion Queen"
- Film & Music: Rock & pop: reviews: All you'll hear is Radio GaGa: Pop doesn't have to be clever or original - which is good news for Lady GaGa, says Alexis Petridis: Lady GaGa: The Fame: 3 stars: (Interscope) pounds 10.76
- Lady GaGa: the future of pop?
- Lady Gaga
- Going gaga over Lady GaGa
- Lady GaGa The Fame
- Lady GaGa Brings Her Artistic Vision Of Pop Music To New Album - And A New Kids Song
- Is Lady Gaga Donatella Versace's doppelganger?
- Lady Gaga Burning Up Album Charts
- So who copied who? Lookalikes Lady GaGa and Christina Aguilera embroiled in style row
- GaGa: I'm thankful for Christina
- A fashion-forward diva is driving her fans gaga
- The Lady Gaga Talks 'The Fame'
- Going Gaga
- Lady Gaga On Success: 'The Turning Point For Me Was The Gay Community'
- ''The Fame'' liner notes.
- NewNowNext Awards
- 2008 Main Stage Line-Up
- Lady GaGa's wacky headgear almost knocks out chat show host Ellen DeGeneres