Judith Marjorie Collins (born May 1, 1939, in Seattle, Washington) is an American folk and standards singer and songwriter, known for her eclectic tastes in the material she records (which has included folk, showtunes, pop, and rock and roll); and for her social activism.

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Musical career

As a child Collins studied classical piano with Antonia Brico, making her public debut at age 13, performing Mozart's Concerto for Two Pianos . She had the fortune of meeting many musicians through her father, a remarkable man who, despite being blind, was a Seattle radio disc jockey.

However, it was the music of Woody Guthrie and Pete Seeger, and the traditional songs of the folk revival of the early 1960s, that piqued Collins' interest and awoke in her a love of lyrics. Three years after her debut as a piano prodigy, she was playing guitar. Her music became popular at the University of Connecticut where her husband taught. She performed at parties and for the campus radio station along with David Grisman and Tom Azarian. ^{[1] [2]} She eventually made her way to Greenwich Village, New York City, where she busked and played in clubs until she signed with Elektra Records, a record label with which she was associated for 35 years. In 1961, Collins released her first album, A Maid of Constant Sorrow , at the age of 22.

At first, she sang traditional folk songs or songs written by others — in particular the protest poets of the time, such as Tom Paxton, Phil Ochs, and Bob Dylan. She recorded her own versions of important songs from the period, such as Dylan's "Mr. Tambourine Man" and Pete Seeger's "Turn, Turn, Turn." Collins was also instrumental in bringing little-known musicians to a wider public. For example, Collins recorded songs by Canadian poet Leonard Cohen, who became a close friend over the years. She also recorded songs by singer-songwriters such as Joni Mitchell, Randy Newman, and Richard Fariña long before they gained national acclaim.

While Collins' first few albums comprised straightforward guitar-based folk songs, with 1966's In My Life , she began branching out and including work from such diverse sources as the Beatles, Cohen, Jacques Brel, and Kurt Weill. Mark Abramson produced and Joshua Rifkin arranged the album, adding lush orchestration to many of the numbers. The album was regarded as a major departure for a folk artist and set the course for Collins' subsequent work over the next decade.

With her 1967 album Wildflowers , also produced by Mark Abramson and arranged by Rifkin, Collins began to record her own compositions, the first of which was entitled "Since You Asked". The album also provided Collins with a major hit, and a Grammy award, in Mitchell's "Both Sides, Now," which reached #8 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Collins' 1968 album, Who Knows Where the Time Goes , was produced by David Anderle and featured back-up guitar by Stephen Stills (of Crosby, Stills & Nash), with whom she was romantically involved at the time. (She was the inspiration for Stills' CSN classic "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes"). Time Goes had a mellow country sound, and included Ian Tyson's "Someday Soon" and the title track written by the UK singer-songwriter Sandy Denny. The album also featured Collins' composition "My Father" and one of the first covers of Leonard Cohen's "Bird on the Wire."

By the 1970s, Collins had a solid reputation as an art song singer and folksinger and had begun to stand out for her own compositions. She was also known for her broad range of material: her songs from this period include the traditional Christian hymn "Amazing Grace," the Stephen Sondheim Broadway ballad "Send in the Clowns" (both of which were top 20 hits as singles), a recording of Joan Baez's "A Song for David," and her own compositions, such as "Born to the Breed."

In the 1970s, Collins guest starred on The Muppet Show , where she sang "I Know An Old Lady who Swallowed a Fly". Collins also appeared several times on Sesame Street , where she performed "Fishermen's Song" with a chorus of Anything Muppet fishermen, sang a trio with Biff and Sully using the word "yes," and even starred in a modern musical fairy tale skit called "The Sad Princess".

In 1979, Collins posed nude on the album cover of Hard Times for Lovers .

She sang the theme song of the Rankin-Bass TV movie The Wind in the Willows .

In more recent years Collins has taken to writing, producing a memoir, Trust Your Heart , in 1987, and a novel, Shameless . A more recent memoir, Sanity and Grace , tells of her son Clark's death in January 1992. Though her record sales are not what they once were, she still records and tours in the U.S., Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. She performed at US President Bill Clinton's first inauguration in 1993, singing "Amazing Grace" and "Chelsea Morning." (The Clintons have stated that they named their daughter Chelsea after Collins' recording of the song.) In 2006, she sang "This Little Light of Mine" in a commercial for Eliot Spitzer.

In 2008, she oversaw an album featuring artists ranging from Dolly Parton and Joan Baez to Rufus Wainwright and Chrissie Hynde covering her compositions; she also released a collection of Beatles covers, and she received an honorary doctorate from Pratt Institute on May 18 of that year.

Collins joined the 9th annual Independent Music Awards judging panel to assist independent musicians' careers. ^{[3] [4] [5]} She was also a judge for the 7th Independent Music Awards. ^[6]

Activism

Like many other folk singers of her generation, Collins was drawn to social activism. Her political idealism also led her to compose a ballad entitled "Che" in honor of the 1960's revolutionary icon Che Guevara. ^[7]

Collins sympathized with the Yippie movement, and was friendly with its leaders, Abbie Hoffman and Jerry Rubin. On March 17, 1968, she attended Hoffman's press conference at the Americana Hotel in New York to announce the party's formation. In 1969, she testified in Washington, DC in support of the Chicago Seven; during her testimony, she began singing "Where Have All the Flowers Gone?", and was admonished by prosecutor Tom Foran and judge Julius Hoffman. ^[8]

She is currently a representative for UNICEF and campaigns on behalf of the abolition of landmines. ^[9] In 1992, Collins' son, Clark Taylor, committed suicide at age 33, after a long bout with depression and substance abuse; since his death, she has also become a strong advocate of suicide prevention. ^{[10] [11]}

Personal life

Collins has been married twice. Her first marriage in 1958 to Peter Taylor produced her only child, Clark C. Taylor. The marriage ended in divorce in 1965. ^[12]

In 1962, shortly after her debut at Carnegie Hall, Collins was diagnosed with tuberculosis and spent six months recuperating in a sanitarium.

Collins later admitted suffering from bulimia after she had quit smoking in the 1970s. "I went straight from the cigarettes into an eating disorder," she told People Magazine in 1992. "I started throwing up. I didn't know anything about bulimia, certainly not that it is an addiction or that it would get worse. My feelings about myself, even though I had been able to give up smoking and lose 20 lbs., were of increasing despair."

In April 1996, she married a designer and fellow activist Louis Nelson. They live together in New York City. ^[13]

Awards and recognition

• Grammy Award, Best Folk Performance or Folk Recording, "Both Sides Now", 1968
• Stephen Sondheim won a Grammy Award for Song of the Year, "Send in the Clowns", in 1975, it was believed, largely on the strength of Collins' performance of the song on her album 'Judith'
• Nominated with Jill Godmillow for an Academy Award for the documentary "Antonia: A Portrait of the Woman" (1975), about her classical piano instructor, conductor Antonia Brico.
• Honorary Doctor of Fine Arts Degree from Pratt Institute, May 2009

Discography

Charted singles

Year	Song	US Hot 100	US A.C.	Album
1967	"Hard Lovin' Loser"	97	-	In My Life
1968	"Both Sides Now"	8	3	Wildflowers
1969	"Someday Soon"	55	37	Who Knows Where The Times Goes
1969	"Chelsea Morning"	78	25	(single only)
1969	"Turn! Turn! Turn!/To Everything There Is A Season"	69	28	Recollections
1970	"Amazing Grace"	15	5	Whales & Nightingales
1971	"Open The Door (Song For Judith)"	90	23	Living
1973	"Cook With Honey"	32	10	True Stories And Other Dreams
1973	"Secret Gardens"	122	-	True Stories And Other Dreams
1975	"Send In The Clowns"	36	8	Judith
1977	"Send In The Clowns" (re-release)	19	15	Judith
1979	"Hard Times For Lovers"	66	16	Hard Times For Lovers
1984	"Home Again" (duet with T.G. Sheppard)	-	42	Home Again
1990	"Fires Of Eden"	-	31	Fires Of Eden

Videography

• Baby's Bedtime (1992)
• Baby's Morningtime (1992)
• Junior playing the operator of a home for unwed mothers opposite Arnold Schwarzenegger
• Christmas at the Biltmore Estate (1998)
• A Town Has Turned to Dust (1998), telefilm based on a Rod Serling science-fiction story
• The Best of Judy Collins (1999)
• Intimate Portrait: Judy Collins (2000)
• Judy Collins Live at Wolf Trap (2003)
• Wildflower Festival (2003) (DVD with guest artists Eric Andersen, Arlo Guthrie, and Tom Rush)

Bibliography

• Trust Your Heart (1987)
• Amazing Grace (1991)
• Shameless (1995)
• Singing Lessons (1998)
• Sanity and Grace: A Journey of Suicide, Survival and Strength (2003)

References

1. Time "Striking a Chord" Accessed April 12, 2008
2. "Burlington's Cranky Storyteller" Accessed April 12, 2008
3. Independent Music Awards
4. MicControl
5. Top40-Charts.com
6. Independent Music Awards - Past Judges
7. Collins doesn't rest on laurels but looks for songs' surprises by John Soeder, ''Cleveland Plain Dealer'', June 26 2009
8. http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/chicago7/Collins.html
9. Chronicle
10. Taking a Novel Approach; A Grieving Judy Collins Finds Writing a Book Helps the Healing Process
11. Judy Collins has painful talk about suicide
12. Biography for Judy Collins
13. Weddings: Vows; Judy Collins, Louis Nelson